Ammonium Carbonates (E503)
| Type of additive (Glossary) | Acidity Regulators Leavening Agents |
| E Number | E503 |
| Chemical Formula | [NH4]2CO3 |
| Subtypes | Ammonium Carbonate (E503i) Ammonium Bicarbonate (E503ii) |
| Also Known As | Baker’s ammonia Sal volatile Salt of hartshorn Spirit of Urine |
Purpose and Function
Ammonium carbonates are primarily used as leavening agents in the food industry:
- Leavening Agent: They release ammonia gas when heated, which helps baked goods rise, providing a light texture.
- Flavor Enhancer: Ammonium carbonate can contribute to the development of specific flavors in baked products.
- Acidity Regulator: These additives can also help regulate acidity levels in certain food formulations.
- Improves Shelf Life: By acting as a leavening agent, ammonium carbonates can improve the texture and shelf life of baked goods.
Potential Risks and Side Effects
Ammonium carbonates are generally regarded as safe for consumption. However, some considerations include:
- Gastrointestinal Issues: Excessive intake may lead to gastrointestinal discomfort, including bloating or gas, particularly for those sensitive to ammonium compounds.
- Allergic Reactions: Rarely, individuals may experience allergic reactions to ammonium carbonates, particularly those with sensitivities to ammonia.
- Contaminants: Sourcing from reputable suppliers is essential to minimize the risk of contaminants in food formulations.