Niacin (E375)

Purpose and Function

Niacin (E375) is used in the food industry primarily as a fortifying agent and nutritional supplement. It is an essential nutrient that plays a critical role in energy metabolism and supports various physiological functions. Common applications include:

• Fortified foods and beverages: Added to products such as cereals, bread, and nutritional supplements to enhance their vitamin B3 content.
• Dietary supplements: Available in various forms (including nicotinamide) for supplementation purposes, promoting overall health and supporting metabolism.
• Food preservation: In some cases, niacin can help improve the stability and shelf life of certain food products due to its antioxidant properties.

E375 is naturally found in various foods, including meat, fish, grains, and legumes, and is essential for maintaining healthy bodily functions.

Potential Risks and Side Effects

Niacin (E375) is generally considered safe for consumption when used within recommended dietary limits. However, there are some considerations:

• High doses: While niacin is essential for health, excessive intake (particularly from supplements) can lead to side effects such as flushing, itching, and gastrointestinal upset.
• Liver health: Very high doses can cause liver damage, particularly when taken in supplement form without medical supervision.
• Regulatory approval: Niacin (E375) is approved for use in many countries, including the European Union and the United States, where it is recognized as safe when used as a food additive or supplement.

Overall, Niacin (E375) is regarded as a safe and beneficial food additive with important health benefits when consumed at appropriate levels.