Sodium Bisulfite (E222)

Purpose and Function

Sodium Bisulfite (E222) is used in the food industry as a preservative and antioxidant. It helps prevent spoilage, browning, and oxidation in various products, thereby extending shelf life. Its applications include:

• Dried fruits and vegetables: Used to prevent browning and maintain the color in products such as dried apricots, potatoes, and other produce.
• Beverages: Commonly added to wines, ciders, and fruit juices to inhibit microbial growth and oxidation, preserving freshness and flavor.
• Seafood: Helps maintain the appearance of fresh and frozen seafood by preventing discoloration.
• Baked goods: Occasionally used in doughs and flours to extend shelf life and prevent spoilage.
• Processed foods: Found in products like sauces, pickles, and condiments to prevent deterioration.

Sodium Bisulfite (E222) is particularly effective in acidic environments and helps protect the appearance and quality of food products.

Potential Risks and Side Effects

Sodium Bisulfite (E222) is generally considered safe for consumption when used within regulatory limits, but there are potential risks and considerations:

• Allergic reactions: E222 can cause allergic reactions, especially in individuals with asthma. Symptoms may include difficulty breathing, wheezing, coughing, hives, or skin irritation.
• Sensitivity to sulfites: Some people are sensitive to sulfites and may experience symptoms such as headaches, nausea, or digestive discomfort after consuming foods with sodium bisulfite.
• Regulatory restrictions: There are strict regulations regarding the amount of sodium bisulfite allowed in food products to ensure safety. Labeling requirements are also in place in many countries, including the European Union and the United States, to alert consumers about its presence, especially in wines and dried fruits.
• Nutrient degradation: Sulfites can degrade certain vitamins, such as vitamin B1 (thiamine), reducing their nutritional content in treated foods.

Despite these concerns, Sodium Bisulfite (E222) remains a widely used and effective preservative within regulatory limits.