Hexamine (E239)

Purpose and Function

Hexamine (E239) is used as a preservative in the food industry, mainly for its antimicrobial properties. It helps inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi, thereby extending the shelf life of certain food products. Common applications include:

• Cheese production: Specifically used in some traditional Italian cheeses, such as Provolone, to prevent microbial growth during the ripening process.
• Hexamine (E239) is not widely used in foods, and its application is primarily restricted to specific traditional products.

Potential Risks and Side Effects

Hexamine (E239) poses some safety concerns and has limitations regarding its use in food:

• Potential toxicity: It can release formaldehyde under acidic conditions, which is toxic and can pose health risks. This limits its application to foods where its safety can be ensured.
• Irritation: May cause skin, eye, or respiratory irritation if improperly handled.
• Regulatory status: The use of Hexamine (E239) as a food additive is strictly regulated, and it is only permitted in certain traditional food products in limited quantities. In many regions, including the European Union, its use is restricted or banned in general food preservation due to safety concerns.

These risks have led to strict regulations governing its use, and Hexamine (E239) is not a commonly used food additive outside of very specific applications.