Disodium Inosinate (E631)

Type of additive
(Glossary)		Flavor Enhancers
E NumberE631
Chemical FormulaC10H11N4Na2O8P
Also Known AsSodium 5′-inosinate;
Disodium inosin 5′-monophosphate;
Inosine 5′-(disodium phosphate);
Sodium inosinate

Purpose and Function

Disodium inosinate is a food additive used primarily as a flavor enhancer. It is the disodium salt of inosinic acid, a naturally occurring nucleotide found in animals, particularly in meat and fish. Disodium inosinate is often used in combination with other flavor enhancers, especially monosodium glutamate (MSG) and disodium guanylate, to intensify and enhance the umami flavor in various foods. Its primary uses include:

Synergistic Use with MSG and Disodium Guanylate: When combined with MSG and/or disodium guanylate, disodium inosinate creates a stronger umami effect than when used alone. This combination is popular in products like savory seasonings, meat-based snacks, and canned foods.

Flavor Enhancement: Disodium inosinate enhances the savory or umami taste in foods, making them more appealing and flavorful. It is commonly added to processed foods such as instant noodles, snack foods, soups, and sauces.

Potential Risks and Side Effects

Disodium inosinate is generally recognized as safe by major food safety authorities, including the FDA and EFSA. However, there are some considerations and potential risks associated with its use:

  • Purine Content: Disodium inosinate is derived from purines, compounds that are metabolized into uric acid in the body. Individuals with gout, hyperuricemia, or kidney issues should monitor their intake of purine-rich foods, including those containing disodium inosinate, as it could exacerbate these conditions.
  • MSG Sensitivity: Disodium inosinate is frequently used alongside MSG. While MSG is safe for most people, some individuals report sensitivity to it, experiencing symptoms such as headaches, flushing, or nausea. These symptoms are often associated with the combination of these additives rather than disodium inosinate alone.
  • Animal-Derived Sources: Disodium inosinate is typically derived from animal sources, particularly fish or meat. This can be a concern for vegetarians, vegans, or those following specific dietary restrictions such as kosher or halal. Those with dietary concerns should verify the source of the additive if it is not explicitly stated on the product label.