Calcium Carbonate (E170)

Purpose and Function

Calcium Carbonate (E170) is a naturally occurring mineral found in rocks such as limestone, chalk, and marble. In the food industry, it is used for a variety of purposes, including as an acidity regulator, a colorant, and an anti-caking agent. Common applications include:

• Baking products: Used as a leavening agent in baked goods like bread, cakes, and pastries.
• Dairy products: Added to cheese, milk powder, and non-dairy creamers as a stabilizer and anti-caking agent.
• Confectionery: Used in candies and chewing gum for texture and as a whitening agent.
• Beverages: Sometimes used in mineral waters or fortification of drinks with calcium.
• Supplements: Commonly used in calcium supplements to promote bone health.
• Processed foods: Added to flours and processed snacks to improve texture and prevent caking.

In addition to its use as a food additive, Calcium Carbonate is also widely used in the pharmaceutical industry to make antacids and in the agricultural sector for soil conditioning.

Potential Risks and Side Effects

Calcium Carbonate (E170) is considered safe for consumption and is used in many everyday foods. However, some considerations include:

• Excessive intake: Overconsumption of calcium carbonate, particularly through supplements, may lead to hypercalcemia (high levels of calcium in the blood), which can cause kidney stones, digestive issues, and impaired absorption of other minerals like magnesium and zinc.
• No significant allergies: Calcium carbonate is naturally found in the human body and in various foods, so it is generally well tolerated without the risk of allergic reactions.
• Digestive discomfort: Some individuals may experience bloating or mild digestive discomfort when consuming excessive amounts of calcium carbonate, especially from supplements.

In food products, E170 is regarded as safe by regulatory authorities like the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).